Mathematics Problem Archive

For the $N$-electron Coulomb ground-state energy $E(N,Z)$, determine the asymptotics of the ionization energy $\delta E(Z)=E(Z,Z-1)-E(Z,Z)$ as $Z\to\i...

Give a mathematically rigorous formulation and justification of the nuclear shell model....

Give a mathematically rigorous justification of the techniques used to determine molecular configurations from first principles....

Prove that, as the number of nuclei tends to infinity, the ground state of some neutral system of nuclei and electrons approaches a periodic limit, es...

Prove that the integrated density of states $k(E)$ is continuous as a function of the energy $E$....

For spatial dimension $\nu=1$ and $1/2<\gamma<3/2$, determine the optimal constants $L_{\gamma,1}$ in the Lieb-Thirring inequality as predicted by the...

In many situations one is concerned with the asymptotic behavior of Riemann-Hilbert problems with exponentially varying data of the form $e^{in\phi(z)...

What I have in mind here is not a specific problem, but a project, a very large scale project. The six (nonlinear) Painlev\'e equations form the core ...

Random matrix theory was introduced into theoretical physics by Wigner in the 1950s in his study of neutron scattering resonances, but as a subject, R...

Random point processes corresponding to $\beta$-ensembles, or, equivalently, log gases at inverse temperature $\beta$, are defined for arbitrary $\bet...

Much is now known, theoretically and also numerically, about the spectrum of self-adjoint operators. This is in great contrast to the situation regard...

The long-time behavior of the solution of the Cauchy problem for a great many integrable systems on the line is now well-understood, using, for exampl...

A number of so-called ``transportation'' problems have now been analyzed in terms of RMT. These include: the ``vicious'' walker problem of M. Fisher, ...

The fact that RMT, and the Tracy-Widom distributions, arise in so many problems in so many different areas leads one to the following question: how ca...

Let $J$ be a random tridiagonal matrix drawn from the tridiagonal Gaussian orthogonal ensemble and evolve it by the finite nonperiodic Toda flow, so i...

The bijective mapping properties of the scattering transform for a variety of integrable systems on the line between appropriate weighted Sobolev spac...

The asymptotic behavior of a variety of combinatorial problems has now been analyzed in great detail. Here we have in mind Ulam's problem for the leng...

In the late 1990s Fokas introduced a new, more flexible approach to inverse scattering theory, and in recent years a number of researchers (Fokas, Its...

There has been considerable progress (Kuijlaars,...) in understanding basic statistics such as the correlation functions for the 2-matrix random matri...

Consider the Korteweg--de Vries (KdV) equation u_t + u u_x + u_{xxx} =0 with initial data u(x, t=0) = u_0(x),\qquad x\in \mathbb{R}. In the 1970's, Mc...

In 1999, J. All these early examples were ``integrable'' in the sense that certain powerful algebraic tools, e.g., determinantal particle systems, the...

Standard algorithms to compute the eigenvalues of a random matrix $H$ are completely integrable Hamiltonian systems (see ). The question raised in was...

Initial boundary value problems for integrable systems in $1+1$ dimensions are of great interest. It turns out, however, that in Fokas' approach the g...

Solutions of the Cauchy problem for linear dispersive equations can be expressed in terms of Fourier integral operators. This is a very challenging pr...

In 2002, P. Zhou analyzed the behavior of solutions of the Cauchy problem for perturbations of the defocusing NLS equation i u_t + u_{xx}- 2|u|^2 u - ...

Give a rigorous explicit solution of the fixed-frequency scalar-wave diffraction problem for two finite slits in the plane, including asymptotics of t...

Construct a set of at least four mutually unbiased bases in dimension six, or prove that there are no seven mutually unbiased bases in $\mathcal{H}_6$...

Determine whether there exist bound entangled bipartite quantum states with negative partial transpose....

Given $n\in\mathbb{N}$, can a prime $p>n$ be found in deterministic polynomial time?...

Given coprime $a,n\in\mathbb{N}$, can a prime $p\equiv a\pmod n$ be found in deterministic polynomial time?...

Is complete integer factorization $C_5$ in deterministic polynomial time $P$?...

Is complete integer factorization $C_5$ in randomized polynomial time $R$?...

Does there exist a set $S\subset\mathbb{N}$ of positive lower asymptotic density for which complete factorization of every input $n\in S$ is in determ...

Given $n$, can one find $r,s\in\mathbb{N}$ with $n=r^2s$ and $s$ squarefree in deterministic polynomial time?...

Is complete integer factorization randomized polynomial-time reducible to computation of the squarefree part?...

Can one decide in deterministic polynomial time whether an integer $n$ is squarefree?...

Can $\omega(n)$, the number of distinct prime factors of $n$, be computed in deterministic polynomial time?...

Let $C_{10}$ find $x$ satisfying $x^e\equiv a\pmod n$ under $\gcd(e,\varphi(n))=\gcd(a,n)=1$. Is complete integer factorization randomized polynomial-...

Can one decide in deterministic polynomial time whether a coprime integer $a$ is a square modulo a composite $n$?...

Is complete integer factorization randomized polynomial-time reducible to deciding quadratic residuosity modulo a composite?...

Given a prime $p$, can a quadratic nonresidue modulo $p$ be found in deterministic polynomial time?...

Given a sign vector $\varepsilon\in\{-1,1\}^k$, can the least prime $p$ satisfying $(p_i/p)=\varepsilon_i$ for every $i\le k$ be found in deterministi...

Given a prime $p$ and a quadratic residue $a$, can a square root $x^2\equiv a\pmod p$ be found in deterministic polynomial time?...

Given a prime $p$ and $f\in(\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z})[x]$ known to have a root, can a root be found in deterministic polynomial time?...

Given a prime $p$ and $f\in(\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z})[x]$, can the complete irreducible factorization of $f$ be found in deterministic polynomial time?...

Given a prime $p$ and degree $d$, can an irreducible polynomial of degree $d$ over $\mathbb{F}_p$ be constructed in deterministic polynomial time?...

Given a prime $p$ and $b$, can one decide in deterministic polynomial time whether $b$ generates $(\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z})^*$?...

Is recognition of primitive roots modulo a prime in randomized polynomial time $R$?...

Given a prime $p$, can a generator of $(\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z})^*$ be found in deterministic polynomial time?...

Given a prime $p$ and $a$ coprime to $p$, can $\operatorname{ord}_p(a)$ be computed in deterministic polynomial time?...